Engine Troubleshooting
NOTE: Before troubleshooting the engine, first retrieve any
fault codes on the diagnostic gauge display and perform the corrective
actions. (See earlier in this section.) If any problems remain, use
the following charts to solve engine problems.
| Symptom | Problem | Solution |
|
Engine cranks but will not start
| Incorrect starting procedure. |
Verify correct starting
procedure.
|
| |
No fuel.
|
Check fuel in tank.
|
| |
Fuel filter plugged or full of water.
|
Replace fuel filter
or drain water from filter.
|
| |
Exhaust restricted.
|
Check and correct exhaust
restriction.
|
| |
Injection pump not getting fuel or air in fuel system.
|
Check fuel flow at supply
pump or bleed fuel system.
|
| |
Faulty injection pump or nozzles.
|
Consult authorized diesel
repair station for repair or replacement.
|
|
Engine hard to start or will not start
| Engine starting under load. |
Disengage PTO.
|
| |
Improper starting procedure.
|
Review starting procedure.
|
| |
No fuel.
|
Check fuel tank.
|
| |
Air in fuel line.
|
Bleed fuel line.
|
| |
Cold weather.
|
Use cold weather starting
aids.
|
| |
Slow starter speed.
|
See “Starter Cranks
Slowly”.
|
| |
Crankcase oil too heavy.
|
Use oil of proper viscosity.
|
| |
Improper type of fuel.
|
Consult fuel supplier;
use proper type fuel for operating conditions.
|
| |
Water, dirt, or air in fuel system.
|
Drain, flush, fill,
and bleed system.
|
| |
Clogged fuel filter.
|
Replace filter element.
|
| |
Dirty or faulty injection nozzles.
|
Have authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor check injectors.
|
| |
Defective glow plugs (Cold weather starting)
|
Test glow plugs (See 3000
hour/36 month maintenance section)
|
| |
Electronic fuel system problem (if equipped)
|
See your John Deere distributor
or servicing dealer.
|
|
Engine knocks
| Low engine oil level. |
Add oil to engine crankcase.
|
| |
Low coolant temperature.
|
Remove and check thermostat.
|
| |
Engine overheating.
|
See “Engine Overheats”.
|
| |
Engine cold
|
Wrong or defective thermostat.
Remove and check thermostat.
|
|
Abnormal Engine Noise
| Turbocharger bearings not lubricated (insufficient oil
pressure) |
Determine cause of lack
of lubrication; repair as required. See your John Deere engine distributor
or servicing dealer.
|
| |
Worn timing gears or excess backlash
|
Check timing gear back
lash. See your John Deere engine distributor or servicing dealer.
|
| |
Excessive valve clearance
|
Check and adjust valve
clearance. See CHECKING AND ADJUSTING VALVE CLEARANCE in the “Lubrication
and Maintenance/3000 Hour/36 Month” section earlier in this
manual.
|
| |
Worn main or connecting rod bearings
|
Determine bearing clearance.
See your John Deere engine distributor or servicing dealer.
|
| |
Excessive crankshaft end play
|
Check crankshaft end play.
See your John Deere engine distributor or servicing dealer.
|
| |
Loose main bearing caps
|
Check bearing clearance;
replace bearings and bearing cap screws as required. See your John
Deere engine distributor or servicing dealer.
|
| |
Worn connecting rod bushings and piston pins
|
Inspect piston pins and
bushings. See your John Deere engine distributor or servicing dealer.
|
| |
Scored pistons
|
Inspect pistons. See your
John Deere engine distributor or servicing dealer.
|
| |
Worn camshaft lobes
|
Inspect camshaft. See your
John Deere engine distributor or servicing dealer.
|
| |
Worn rocker arm shaft(s)
|
Inspect rocker arm shafts.
See your John Deere engine distributor or servicing dealer.
|
|
Engine runs irregularly or stalls frequently
| Clogged fuel filter. |
Replace fuel filter element.
|
| |
Water, dirt, or air in fuel system.
|
Drain, flush, fill, and
bleed system.
|
| |
Low coolant temperature.
|
Remove and check thermostat.
|
| |
Dirty or faulty injection nozzles.
|
Have authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor check injectors.
|
| |
Electronic fuel system problem
|
See your John Deere distributor
or servicing dealer.
|
|
Below normal engine temperature
| Defective thermostat. |
Remove and check thermostat.
|
| |
Defective temperature gauge or sender.
|
Check gauge, sender, and
connections.
|
| |
Poor quality fuel
|
Change to better quality
fuel.
|
|
Lack of power
| Engine overloaded. |
Reduce load.
|
| |
Intake air restriction.
|
Service air cleaner.
|
| |
Clogged fuel filter.
|
Replace filter elements.
|
| |
Improper type of fuel.
|
Use proper fuel.
|
| |
Overheated engine.
|
See “Engine Overheats”.
|
| |
Below normal engine temperature.
|
Remove and check thermostat.
|
| |
Improper valve clearance.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Dirty or faulty injection nozzles.
|
Have authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor check injectors.
|
| |
Injection pump out of time.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Electronic fuel system problem
|
See your John Deere distributor
or servicing dealer.
|
| |
Turbocharger not functioning.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Leaking exhaust manifold gasket.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Restricted fuel hose.
|
Clean or replace fuel hose.
|
| |
Low fast idle speed.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
|
Low oil pressure
| Low oil level. |
Add oil.
|
| |
Restricted crankcase vent tube.
|
Clean vent tube, verify
crankcase oil level is not too high.
|
| |
Improper type of oil.
|
Drain, fill crankcase with
oil of proper viscosity and quality.
|
|
High oil consumption
| Crankcase oil too light. |
Use proper viscosity oil.
|
| |
Oil leaks.
|
Check for leaks in lines,
gaskets, and drain plug.
|
| |
Restricted crankcase vent tube.
|
Clean vent tube, verify
crankcase oil level is not too high.
|
| |
Defective turbocharger.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
|
Engine emits white smoke
| Improper type of fuel. |
Use proper fuel.
|
| |
Low engine temperature.
|
Warm up engine to normal
operating temperature.
|
| |
Defective thermostat.
|
Remove and check thermostat.
|
| |
Defective injection nozzles.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Defective glow plugs.
|
Test glow plugs. (See 3000
hour/36 month maintenance section.)
|
|
Engine emits black or gray exhaust smoke
| Improper type of fuel. |
Use proper fuel.
|
| |
Clogged or dirty air cleaner.
|
Service air cleaner.
|
| |
Engine overloaded.
|
Reduce load.
|
| |
Injection nozzles dirty.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Electronic fuel system problem
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Turbocharger not functioning.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
|
Engine overheats
| Coolant stays at high temperature |
Check for debris in
front of cooling package
|
| |
Engine overloaded.
|
Reduce load.
|
| |
Low coolant level.
|
Fill radiator to proper
level, check radiator and hoses for loose connections or leaks.
|
| |
Faulty radiator cap.
|
Have technician check.
|
| |
Stretched poly-vee belt or defective belt tensioner.
|
Check automatic belt tensioner
and check belts for stretching. Replace as required.
|
| |
Low engine oil level.
|
Check oil level. Add oil
as required.
|
| |
Cooling system needs flushing.
|
Flush cooling system.
|
| |
Defective thermostat.
|
Remove and check thermostat.
|
| |
Defective temperature gauge or sender.
|
Check coolant temperature
with thermometer and replace, if necessary.
|
| |
Incorrect grade of fuel.
|
Use correct grade of fuel.
|
|
High fuel consumption
| Improper type of fuel. |
Use proper type of fuel.
|
| |
Clogged or dirty air cleaner.
|
Service air cleaner.
|
| |
Engine overloaded.
|
Reduce load.
|
| |
Improper valve clearance.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Injection nozzles dirty.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Electronic fuel system problem
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Defective turbocharger.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Low engine temperature.
|
Check thermostat.
|
|
Undercharged electrical system
| Excessive electrical load from added accessories.
|
Remove accessories or install
higher output alternator.
|
| |
Excessive engine idling.
|
Increase engine rpm when
heavy electrical load is used.
|
| |
Poor electrical connections on battery, ground strap,
starter, or alternator.
|
Inspect and clean as necessary.
|
| |
Defective battery.
|
Test battery.
|
| |
Defective alternator.
|
Test charging system.
|
|
Battery uses too much water
| Cracked battery case. |
Check for moisture and replace
as necessary.
|
| |
Defective battery.
|
Test battery.
|
| |
Battery charging rate too high.
|
Test charging system.
|
|
Batteries will not charge
| Loose or corroded connections. |
Clean and tighten connections.
|
| |
Sulfated or worn-out batteries.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Stretched poly-vee belt or defective belt tensioner.
|
Adjust belt tension or
replace belts.
|
|
Starter will not crank
| PTO engaged (if equipped). |
Disengage PTO.
|
| |
Loose or corroded connections.
|
Clean and tighten loose
connections.
|
| |
Low battery output voltage.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Faulty start circuit relay.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Blown main system fuse.
|
Replace fuse.
|
|
Starter cranks slowly
| Low battery output. |
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Crankcase oil too heavy.
|
Use proper viscosity oil.
|
| |
Loose or corroded connections.
|
Clean and tighten loose
connections.
|
|
Starter and hour meter functions; rest of electrical
system does not function
| Blown fuse. |
Replace fuse.
|
|
Entire electrical system does not function
| Faulty battery connection. |
Clean and tighten connections.
|
| |
Sulfated or worn-out batteries.
|
See your authorized servicing
dealer or engine distributor.
|
| |
Blown main system fuse.
|
Replace fuse.
|
|
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OURGP12,00000F7-19-20160302
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