Engine

Symptom Problem Solution

Engine Will Not Start or Starts Hard

Fuel tank empty

Check fuel quantity.

Fuel tank vent plugged

Remove cap and listen for sound of air entering tank. Replace cap.

No electrical power to injection pump solenoid

Turn key switch to ON position. Must hear click at injection pump. Replace fuse. Repair wiring.

Water in fuel or water frozen in fuel line.

Drain water from fuel tank. Inspect fuel filter for water. Change filter.

Debris in fuel or wrong grade of fuel

Check fuel tank outlet strainer for type of fuel debris. Check bottom of fuel tank for debris. Clean tank. Add fuel. Check grade of fuel. Add correct fuel. (See Fuels and Lubricants chapter.)

Air leak on suction side of fuel system

Check for bubbles in fuel filter and tighten connections. Inspect fuel lines for damage.

Fuel transfer pump diaphragm leaking

Check engine oil for fuel dilution.

Slow cranking speed

Check battery and connections. Incorrect engine oil (cold weather).

Restricted air filter

Check air filter restriction indicator and air filters. Clean.

Stuck injection pump metering valve

Tap injection pump housing (lightly) if engine now starts. Replace metering valve. See your authorized dealer.

Faulty electric shutoff

Test shutoff solenoid. See your authorized dealer.

Improper injection pump timing

See your authorized dealer.

Injection pump

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-1/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Injection nozzle(s)

Remove and test nozzles. See your authorized dealer.

Worn compression rings or low compression

See your authorized dealer.

Blown head gasket

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-2/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Engine Surges Or Stalls Frequently

Air in fuel

Inspect filter for evidence of air in fuel. Tighten connections and bleed fuel system.

Fuel tank vent plugged

Remove cap and listen for sound of air entering tank. Replace cap.

Debris in fuel or wrong grade of fuel

Check fuel tank outlet strainer for debris. Check bottom of fuel tank for debris. Clean tank. Add fuel. Check grade of fuel.

Water in fuel

Drain fuel tank and inspect filter element for water. Replace filters.

Fuel filter plugged

Replace filter.

Return line from injection pump to tank restricted

See your authorized dealer.

Fuel injection pump out of time

See your authorized dealer.

Check return oil fitting on top of injection pump control cover plugged.

See your authorized dealer.

Injection pump metering valve sticking

See your authorized dealer.

Engine overheating

See your authorized dealer.

Fuel transfer pump

See your authorized dealer.

Fuel injection pump

See your authorized dealer.

Injection nozzle(s)

See your authorized dealer.

Improper valve clearance

Check and adjust valve clearance.

Valve sticking or burned

See your authorized dealer.

Worn or broken compression rings or cylinder head gasket leaking

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-3/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Engine Misses

Air in fuel

Check for evidence of air in filter. Tighten connections and bleed fuel system.

Debris in fuel or wrong grade of fuel

Check fuel tank for water. Check fuel tank strainer and fuel filter for debris. Clean. Check grade of fuel.

Idle speeds out of adjustment (too low)

See your authorized dealer.

Fuel injection pump out of time

See your authorized dealer.

Fuel transfer pump

See your authorized dealer.

Injection pump governor faulty or metering valve sticking

See your authorized dealer.

Engine overheating

See your authorized dealer.

Incorrect valve clearance

Check and adjust valve clearance.

Bent push rods

See your authorized dealer.

Cylinder head gasket leaking

See your authorized dealer.

Valve sticking or burned

See your authorized dealer.

Worn or broken compression rings

See your authorized dealer.

Fuel injection pump

See your authorized dealer.

Injection nozzle(s) plugged

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-4/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Engine Does Not Develop Power

Fuel tank outlet strainer plugged

Check fuel tank for water or debris. Remove and clean.

Fuel filter plugged

Replace fuel filter.

Wrong grade of fuel

Drain and add correct fuel.

Air system restricted

Check air filter restriction and air filters. Clean.

Incorrect high idle speed (too low) or linkage out adjustment

Adjust linkage. Check high idle speed. See your authorized dealer.

Incorrect engine or injection pump timing

See your authorized dealer.

Incorrect valve clearance

Adjust valve clearance.

Injection pump return fuel tube or fittings are restricted

See your authorized dealer.

Fuel transfer pump

See your authorized dealer.

Fuel line restricted

See your authorized dealer.

Excess drag in brake system

See your authorized dealer.

Excess drag in axle

See your authorized dealer.

Muffler restricted

See your authorized dealer.

Injection pump delivery or governor faulty

See your authorized dealer.

Injection nozzle(s)

See your authorized dealer.

Low compression

See your authorized dealer.

Worn camshaft

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-5/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Engine Emits Excessive Black or Gray Exhaust Smoke

Restricted air filter

Check air filter restriction and air filters. Clean or replace.

Incorrect grade of fuel

Drain and add correct fuel.

Incorrect injection pump timing

See your authorized dealer.

Excessive fuel delivery

See your authorized dealer.

Injection nozzle(s)

See your authorized dealer.

Turbocharger

See your authorized dealer.

Engine Emits Excessive Blue or White Smoke

Cranking speed too slow

Check batteries and connections.

Incorrect grade of fuel

Drain and add correct fuel.

Engine running too cold

Check thermostat operation. See your authorized dealer.

Injection pump out of time

See your authorized dealer.

Injection nozzle(s)

See your authorized dealer.

Low compression

See your authorized dealer.

Excessive wear in liners and/or piston rings stuck

See your authorized dealer.

Slow Acceleration

Wrong grade of fuel

Drain and add correct fuel.

Injection nozzle(s)

See your authorized dealer.

Fuel injection pump

See your authorized dealer.

Detonation (Excess Engine Knock)

Low engine oil level

Add oil.

Stuck cold weather starting aid

See your authorized dealer.

Incorrect injection pump timing

See your authorized dealer.

Low coolant temperature

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-6/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Abnormal Engine Noise

Low or incorrect engine oil (too thin)

Add correct oil to proper level.

Loose or worn hydraulic pump drive coupling

See your authorized dealer.

Engine oil diluted with fuel

Inspect engine oil. See your authorized dealer.

Incorrect fuel injection pump timing

See your authorized dealer.

Excessive valve clearance

Adjust valve clearance.

Bent push rods

See your authorized dealer.

Worn rocker arm shafts

See your authorized dealer.

Loose connecting rod caps

See your authorized dealer.

Loose main bearing caps

See your authorized dealer.

Worn main bearings

See your authorized dealer.

Worn connecting rod bearings

See your authorized dealer.

Incorrect cam timing

See your authorized dealer.

Scored piston

See your authorized dealer.

Worn piston pin bushings and pins

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-7/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Low Oil Pressure (Oil Pressure Light On-Red "Stop" Flashing)

Low oil level

Add oil to proper level. Inspect engine oil.

Wrong viscosity oil/oil diluted with diesel fuel

Change oil and see your authorized dealer.

Oil pressure switch or indicator

See your authorized dealer.

Oil pressure regulating valve

See your authorized dealer.

Plugged or broken oil pump intake screen

See your authorized dealer.

Loose oil pump drive gear

See your authorized dealer.

Worn oil pump gear or housing

See your authorized dealer.

Excessive main bearing, connecting rod or balance shaft clearance

See your authorized dealer.

Cracked cylinder block

See your authorized dealer.

Leakage at internal oil passage.

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-8/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Engine Overheats (Engine Coolant Indicator Light On and Red "Stop" Flashing)

Low coolant level

Fill cooling system and check for leaks.

Low engine oil level

Add oil.

Loose or broken fan belt

See your authorized dealer.

Engine overloaded, operating in wrong gear

Reduce load.

Fan on backwards

See your authorized dealer.

Radiator dirty or plugged

See your authorized dealer.

Radiator shroud missing, damaged or baffles missing

See your authorized dealer.

Improper fuel

Drain and add correct fuel.

Radiator cap

Replace cap.

Faulty temperature sender

See your authorized dealer.

Incorrect injection pump timing

See your authorized dealer.

Excessive axle drag

Check axle drag. See Operational Checkout chapter.

Excessive brake drag

Check brake drag. See Operational Checkout chapter.

Faulty thermostat (Stuck closed)

See your authorized dealer.

Thermostat missing, cooling system coated with lime deposits

See your authorized dealer.

Water pump

See your authorized dealer.

Excessive fuel delivery

See your authorized dealer.

Scored piston

See your authorized dealer.

Engine Runs Cold

Thermostat (stuck open)

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-9/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Oil In Coolant Or Coolant In Oil

Leaking cylinder head gasket

See your authorized dealer.

Leaking cylinder liner packing

See your authorized dealer.

Cracked cylinder liner

See your authorized dealer.

Oil cooler

See your authorized dealer.

Cracked cylinder block

See your authorized dealer.

Excessive Fuel Consumption

Air system restricted

Check filter restriction indicator and air filters. Replace

Leakage in fuel system

Inspect. Repair.

Incorrect grade of fuel

Refill with correct fuel.

Operator holding hydraulics over relief.

Return control levers to neutral position.

High system relief valve setting

See your authorized dealer.

High power limiter setting on hydraulic pump

See your authorized dealer.

Incorrect injection pump timing

See your authorized dealer.

Faulty injection nozzle(s)

See your authorized dealer.

Turbocharger Excessively Noisy Or Vibrates

Bearings not lubricated

See your authorized dealer.

Worn bearings

See your authorized dealer.

Air leak in engine, intake or exhaust manifold

See your authorized dealer.

Improper clearance between turbine wheel and turbine housing

See your authorized dealer.

Broken blades on turbine

See your authorized dealer.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-10/11


Symptom Problem Solution

Oil Dripping From Turbocharger Adapter

Damaged or worn bearings and/or worn seals

See your authorized dealer.

Excessive crankcase pressure

See your authorized dealer.

Turbocharger oil return line carbon buildup where line passes exhaust manifold

See your authorized dealer.

Excessive Drag In Turbocharger Rotating Members

Carbon build-up behind turbine wheel caused by combustion deposits

See your authorized dealer.

Dirt build-up behind compressor wheel caused by air intake leaks

See your authorized dealer.

Bearing seizure or dirty or worn bearings caused by excessive temperature, unbalanced wheel, dirty oil, oil starvation, or insufficient lubrication

Check for plugged air filters.

TX,100,BG336 -19-09JAN97-11/11